133 lines
5.5 KiB
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133 lines
5.5 KiB
Org Mode
Executable file
#+title: Lesson 01 | Course Overview + Shell
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#+HTML_HEAD: <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../_share/media/css/missing-semester.css" />
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#+HTML_HEAD: <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../_share/media/css/org-media-sass/collapsible.css" />
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#+HTML_HEAD: <script src="../_share/media/js/collapsible.js"></script>
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* Links
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#+attr_html: :class links
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- [[../toc.org][TOC | Missing Semester]]
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- [[https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLyzOVJj3bHQuloKGG59rS43e29ro7I57J][Playlist: Missing Semester]]
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*** timestamps
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:PROPERTIES:
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:CUSTOM_ID: timestamp
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:END:
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#+attr_html: :class playlist
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- [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z56Jmr9Z34Q&list=PLyzOVJj3bHQuloKGG59rS43e29ro7I57J&t=20s][00:20 why we're doing this class]]
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- [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z56Jmr9Z34Q&list=PLyzOVJj3bHQuloKGG59rS43e29ro7I57J&t=251s][04:11 the shell]]
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- [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z56Jmr9Z34Q&list=PLyzOVJj3bHQuloKGG59rS43e29ro7I57J&t=338s][05:38 install a terminal and a shell]]
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- [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z56Jmr9Z34Q&list=PLyzOVJj3bHQuloKGG59rS43e29ro7I57J&t=364s][06:05 the shell prompt]]
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- [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z56Jmr9Z34Q&list=PLyzOVJj3bHQuloKGG59rS43e29ro7I57J&t=411s][06:51 shell prompt]]
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- [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z56Jmr9Z34Q&list=PLyzOVJj3bHQuloKGG59rS43e29ro7I57J&t=522s][08:42 how does the shell know what these programs are]]
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- [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z56Jmr9Z34Q&list=PLyzOVJj3bHQuloKGG59rS43e29ro7I57J&t=672s][11:12 paths]]
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- [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z56Jmr9Z34Q&list=PLyzOVJj3bHQuloKGG59rS43e29ro7I57J&t=738s][12:18 absolute path]]
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- [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z56Jmr9Z34Q&list=PLyzOVJj3bHQuloKGG59rS43e29ro7I57J&t=759s][12:39 relative paths]]
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- [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z56Jmr9Z34Q&list=PLyzOVJj3bHQuloKGG59rS43e29ro7I57J&t=1034s][17:14 tilde character]]
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- [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z56Jmr9Z34Q&list=PLyzOVJj3bHQuloKGG59rS43e29ro7I57J&t=1336s][22:16 directories]]
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- [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z56Jmr9Z34Q&list=PLyzOVJj3bHQuloKGG59rS43e29ro7I57J&t=1376s][22:56 execute on directories]]
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- [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z56Jmr9Z34Q&list=PLyzOVJj3bHQuloKGG59rS43e29ro7I57J&t=1514s][25:14 cp command]]
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- [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z56Jmr9Z34Q&list=PLyzOVJj3bHQuloKGG59rS43e29ro7I57J&t=1547s][25:47 rm]]
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- [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z56Jmr9Z34Q&list=PLyzOVJj3bHQuloKGG59rS43e29ro7I57J&t=1590s][26:30 create a new directory]]
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- [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z56Jmr9Z34Q&list=PLyzOVJj3bHQuloKGG59rS43e29ro7I57J&t=1912s][31:52 pipe character]]
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- [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z56Jmr9Z34Q&list=PLyzOVJj3bHQuloKGG59rS43e29ro7I57J&t=2044s][34:04 grep]]
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- [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z56Jmr9Z34Q&list=PLyzOVJj3bHQuloKGG59rS43e29ro7I57J&t=2145s][35:45 the root user]]
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- [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z56Jmr9Z34Q&list=PLyzOVJj3bHQuloKGG59rS43e29ro7I57J&t=2239s][37:19 kernel paramters]]
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- [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z56Jmr9Z34Q&list=PLyzOVJj3bHQuloKGG59rS43e29ro7I57J&t=2612s][43:32 scroll lock led]]
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- [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z56Jmr9Z34Q&list=PLyzOVJj3bHQuloKGG59rS43e29ro7I57J&t=2706s][45:06 open a file]]
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- [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z56Jmr9Z34Q&list=PLyzOVJj3bHQuloKGG59rS43e29ro7I57J&t=2829s][47:09 lecture notes]]
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- [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z56Jmr9Z34Q&list=PLyzOVJj3bHQuloKGG59rS43e29ro7I57J&t=2875s][office hours]]
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* Notes
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** why
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- there are many tools that make life easier for programmers
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- lecture notes and recordings are available online
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** the shell
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- programs are meant to be integrates with each other through the shell
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- most common shell is Bourne Again Shell (bash)
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** shell prompt
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- typical shell prompt:
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#+attr_html: :width 300px
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file:../_share/media/img/lecture01/ex01.png
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- shells can be customized extensibly
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- arguments are seperated by whitespace
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- multiple words can be passed as a single argument via:
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- quotes
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#+begin_src bash
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echo "Hello world"
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#+end_src
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- escapes
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#+begin_src bash
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echo Hello\ world
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#+end_src
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** how does the shell know where programs are
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- via environment variable
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- things that are set whenever you start your shell
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- where is your home directory
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- what is your username
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- what are the PATHs to your programs
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- shells, and bash in particular, are programming languages
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** paths
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*** PATH environment variable
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- a list seperated by colons (:)
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- when bash is asked to run a program bash will search through the directories in path until it finds the program
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*** absolute vs relative path
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- pwd: print working directory
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- all relative paths are relative to your current working directory
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- absolute path starts with '/'
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*** special directories
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- '.' current directory
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- '..' parent directory
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*** tilde (~)
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- always expands to your home directory
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*** dash (-)
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- toggles to the previous directory you were at
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#+begin_src bash
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cd /home/ronny/programs/notes/courses
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cd ../../
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cd -
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pwd
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#+end_src
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the output will be
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=/home/ronny/programs/notes/courses=
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** permissions
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*** groups of three
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- read
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- write
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- execute
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*** directories
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- read: are you allowed to see the files
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- write: can you rename the files in the directory
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- execute: "search" are you allowed to enter this directory
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- to access a file in a directory, you need execute permissions on all directories in the path
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** piping
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- every program has two streams
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- input stream
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- output stream
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- shell allows you to change streams
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- angle brackets
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- left angle < : rewire input
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- right angle > : rewire output
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- example
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#+begin_src bash
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echo hello > hello.txt
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cat < hello.txt
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#+end_src
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